Comparison of linux server systems CentOS uBuntu Gentoo FreeBSD Debian

Liverpoolfc.tv: http: / / www. centos. org/

CentOS is actually the kernel of Redhat, and it feels like it will be mature and stable. Compared with the old Redhat, it has one more command of yum. But I feel that CentOS has less Yum than Debian or Ubuntu; CentOS walks in the young and mature between, it pays more attention to security than Ubuntu, you see his CentOS5.0 default as soon as installed and open the firewall to know; Moreover, there is something called SELinux in it, which limits the permissions between different programs. This is one of the reasons why some software I installed CentOS often told me "no permissions" without any reason. Later, because some software made overnight, did not succeed, such as VSftp+PAM_MYSQL certification, he angrily rejected.

Liverpoolfc.tv: http: / / www. ubuntu. org. cn/

Ubuntu is a continuation of Debian. Es42en-get is the first to install and update software automatically. In comparison, his apt-get software library and source is much more powerful, but also a lot more, our server except for one magickWand(imageMagick PHP API imageMagick), all other things are apt-get down, the installation does not take a minute; The Ubuntu feels freer, smaller, more flexible and a bit more youthful.

Use experience: the new version of Ubunt 7.10 (our current version), compared with 6.10, has a very practical function, that is, when you choose your region, such as I choose China, after the installation of your source will automatically become the source of China! It's so cool, you don't have to go around looking for other sources to replace it. In addition, the source must pay attention to, not to change, we once because of the change, resulting in the software version is all messed up, angry I went to reinstall yesterday, this was restored.

Also: what if your apt-get fails and the error message is E:Broken Package? I have been searching for a long time in google but failed to find the answer. Later, I did my own practice and found that it was the problem of the source. He could not find some packages related to Depends on on the source, so he failed to install them. Try switching to another source at this point, but be sure to keep the original backup! I think the official source has been quite complete, not to have to general don't easily change. Notice that after you change the source, you're going to have apt-get update.

Another observation is that the CD-Rom contains the installation disk of the system, which is also a good source. Many software do not need to download online, directly in the disk is very new version, is also a good choice.

Liverpoolfc.tv: http: / / www. gentoo. org/

Gentoo is probably the best because it's a lot of trouble to install. It is said that his idea is to let you understand how everything in Linux comes out! All by your custom to decide! But because virtually everyone is tired of the fuss, this version is in decline.

Liverpoolfc.tv: http: / / www. freebsdchina. org/

FreeBSD is another kernel, which is not Linux. Our previous server used FreeBSD, which is said to be the most powerful. But the kernel is different, and we dare not try it this time.

Linux was first written by Linus Benedict Torvalds in 1991. Prior to this, Richard Stallman created Free Software Foundation (FSF) organization and GNU project, and continuously wrote and created GNU programs (such programs are licensed by GPL: General Public License). The GNU organization has been continuously joined by outstanding programmers and developers, resulting in the Linux we see today, or GNU/Linux.

Releases of Linux can be roughly divided into two categories: those maintained by commercial companies, represented by the famous Redhat (RHEL), and those maintained by community organizations, represented by Debian. Here are the features of each distribution:

Redhat, which should be called Redhat series, includes RHEL(Redhat Enterprise Linux, the so-called Redhat Advance Server, the paid version), Fedora Core(from the original Redhat desktop version, the free version), CentOS(RHEL community clone, free). Redhat is the most widely used version of Linux in China. Some people even equate Redhat with Linux, while some old birds only use this version of Linux. So this version of the characteristics of the large number of users, a lot of information, meaning that if you do not understand something, it is easy to find people to ask, and the general Linux tutorials are Redhat as an example to explain. The Redhat package management method adopts the YUM package management method based on the RPM package. The package distribution method is the compiled binary file. In terms of stability, RHEL and CentOS have excellent stability and are suitable for server use, but Fedora Core has poor stability and is best used only for desktop applications.

Debian, or Debian series, includes Debian and Ubuntu. Debian is an example of the community class Linux and is by far the most compliant Linux system with the GNU specification. Debian was first created by Ian Murdock in 1993 and is divided into three version branches (branch) : stable, testing and unstable. Among them, unstable is the latest test version, including the latest software package, but there are also relatively more bug, suitable for desktop users. The version of testing has been tested in unstable, which is relatively stable and supports many new technologies (SMP, etc.). While stable is generally only used for servers, most of the packages above are outdated, but the stability and security are very high. The most distinctive feature of Debian is the apt-get/dpkg package management. In fact, Redhat's YUM is a copy of Debian's APT, but APT is probably the best way to distribute binary files. Debian is also well documented, with a supportive community and a place to ask questions :)

Ubuntu is not strictly a stand-alone distribution. Ubuntu is based on the unstable version of Debian. Ubuntu is, so to speak, a nearly perfect Linux desktop system with all the benefits of Debian and all the enhancements it makes. Depending on which desktop system you choose, there are three versions: Ubuntu based on Gnome, Kubuntu based on KDE and Xubuntu based on Xfc. Characterized by a friendly, easy-to-use interface and comprehensive hardware support, Linux is the best release for desktop systems.

Gentoo, the great Gentoo is the youngest release of Linux in the world, and because of its youth, it can absorb the advantages of all previous releases, which is one of the reasons Gentoo is called the most perfect Linux release. Gentoo was originally created by Daniel Robbins (one of the developers of FreeBSD). The first stable version was released in 2002. Thanks to developers' familiarity with FreeBSD, Gentoo has the same reputation as FreeBSD with ports - Portage package management system. Unlike APT and YUM binary distribution's package management system, such as Portage is based on the source distribution, must be compiled to run, for large software is slow, but because of all the software is compiled on the local machine, after all kinds of custom compilation parameter optimization, to the hardware performance of the machine to the maximum. Gentoo is the most complex of all Linux distributions to install, but it is the most manageable after installation and the fastest to run on the same hardware.

Finally, to introduce FreeBSD, it is important to note that FreeBSD is not an Linux system! However, FreeBSD and Linux have a considerable part of the same user base, and they support the same hardware environment and use similar software. Therefore, FreeBSD can be compared as an Linux version. The FreeBSD has two branches: stable and current. As the name implies, stable is the stable version, while current is the beta version with new technology added. FreeBSD USES the Ports package management system, which is similar to Gentoo. It is based on source code distribution and must be compiled by the local machine before it can run. FreeBSD is the best choice for a server operating system because it is stable and efficient, but the hardware support is not as complete as Linux, so it is not suitable for a desktop system.

here's some advice for anyone struggling to choose an Linux release:

If you just need a desktop system, and don't want to use piracy already, don't want to spend a lot of money to buy commercial software, then you will need a suitable for desktop use Linux distributions, if you don't want to customize anything, don't want to waste too much time in the system, so is very simple, you can according to own hobby in ubuntu, kubuntu and choose a right, xubuntu three is just the difference between a desktop application is not the same.

If you need a desktop system and want to be flexible enough to customize your Linux system to make your machine run faster, and you don't mind wasting a little time installing Linux, your only option is Gentoo. Enjoy the freedom of Gentoo!
If what you need is a server system, and you are tired of the various configurations of Linux, and just want a more stable server system, then your best choice is CentOS, after the installation, after a simple configuration can provide a very stable service.
If you need a rock-solid, very stable server system, then your only option is FreeBSD.

If you need a stable server system, want to explore all aspects of Linux, and want to customize a lot of your own content, then I recommend Gentoo.