linux server using centos or ubuntu system
- 2020-05-06 12:07:07
- OfStack
linux server systems mostly use CentOS, uBuntu, Gentoo, FreeBSD, Debian.
The server operating system should be Debian/Ubuntu or CentOS. CENTOS now has the largest market share of
The difference between centos and ubuntu and
CentOS (Community ENTerprise Operating System) is one of the releases of Linux. It is compiled from the source code released by Red Hat Enterprise Linux in accordance with the open source regulations. Because they come from the same source code, some servers that require a high degree of stability use CentOS instead of the commercial version of Red Hat Enterprise Linux.
Ubuntu is a desktop application based Linux operating system. Its name comes from the Zulu or hausa language of southern Africa "ubuntu" (translated as wubangto or ubuntu), which means "human nature", "I exist because everyone exists". It is a traditional value in Africa, similar to the "benevolence" thought of Chinese society. Ubuntu is based on the Debian distribution and GNOME desktop environment, and differs from Debian in that it releases a new version every six months. The goal of Ubuntu is to provide the average user with an up-to-date and reasonably stable operating system built primarily from free software. Ubuntu has a large community and users can easily get help from the community.
Both are common service level operating systems for individuals and small teams in the current version. The software library provided online can be easily installed into many open source software and libraries. Both of them use bash as the basic shell, so the difference between ubuntu and centos is not obvious in many basic commands, while ubuntu needs to do better in the desktop interface, many people's first choice to learn linux is ubuntu if they are interested in it, after all, many people are used to operating under desktop graphics. Centos and Ubuntu have many different habits and commands. Here's a quick list:
1. The newly created non-root users in centos do not have the permission of sudo. If you want to use the permission of sudo, you must add the account and permission in /etc/sudoers.
In Ubuntu, the sudo+ command is generally used, and when used for the first time it prompts for the current user's password (not root's)
2. In the online installation software, centos USES the yum command, while ubuntu USES the apt-get command. In addition to yum, there is a way to search for a piece of software from its source: yum search +
3.centos is from redhat, so centos supports installation in rpm format, while ubuntu obviously does not.
4. After all, different distributions are made by different companies, and the location of many configuration files and the default file path are very different, which needs to be slowly realized in the process of use.
the following is a supplement:
As a large system operator, we need to find a reliable, predictable system among many large systems over a long period of time, and we need strong support from the most powerful software vendors and open source projects in the world. For the most commonly used systems, we need documentation, tools, and global resources.
For this reason, the RedHat/CentOS series release was our choice. They meet all of these requirements with relatively few problems and long-term stability, allowing us to provide world-class maintenance for thousands of systems running different configurations, services, and applications.
RedHat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) is the gold standard enterprise distribution. It is updated every five years or so, and has great advantages in system stability, foresight and security. Every time a new major release is released, such as 5.x or the most recent 6.x, all versions and code remain the same, except for security issues or major bug issues such as backdoors, ports, etc., which are fixed by releasing a new sub-release.
CentOS is the open source counterpart of the RHEL distribution, which is usually released shortly after the release of RedHat. The reason we use CentOS is that the standard support service cost of RHEL distribution is very high, about $800 per server, which is a cost that must be controlled for many of our users who have dozens or even hundreds of servers.
There are two potential problems with the RHEL/CentOS system.
First, once the major release is determined, nothing will change except that security issues and serious bugs will be fixed. While this is good for stability, it is bad for many services. The MySQL and PHP services, for example, are heavily developed and heavily modified during the five-year CentOS/RHEL main release cycle. For example, MySQL5.0 is the default version of the current RHEL/CentOS main version, but the current MySQL has been updated to versions 5.1 and 5.5.
Fortunately, this problem is easily solved by the Yum package manager. This way, the main software, such as the current RHEL/CentOS the actual components, including the kernel and all tools still comes from distribution, but those additional software, for example, Nginx Apache, PHP, Java and MySQL updates from sources such as Fedora; Or we can get the updated version directly from the developer, such as MySQL. In our case, we have our own installation image to handle all these things automatically.
Second, the release of CentOS will lag behind the release of RedHat, including key patches and fixes. This is particularly true during the RHEL 6.x release cycle. But based on our experience, it's nothing to worry about and will never be a problem for us.
Many people have asked why we don't use Debian based systems, such as Debian or Ubuntu servers. We do support this recommendation if there is no alternative, but in our experience these systems are not as stable and reliable as RHEL/CentOS.
We believe that this is partly due to their rapid development and the lack of testing and immaturity between versions and combinations. However, despite their popularity, the RHEL/CentOS systems are still preferred by major service providers and programs so that they can serve corporate customers (especially Oracle and MySQL). In addition, Debian-based systems have many kernel and stability issues, especially in our cloud computing services.
For us, the only reason to use Debian/Ubuntu is:
"They can provide the necessary special services for a system, especially when some drivers or some IO subsystems require a new kernel." Now, all of this is contained in RHEL/ CentOS6.x.
Of course, most Linux developers use the desktop version of Ubuntu, and it is understandable that they would prefer to use the same system for production and development, as well as many interesting tools. But overall, we still think RHEL/CentOS is a superior deployment platform, and more than a dozen customers have successfully switched to CentOS as a production environment without any problems, but it's still a daunting task.
In general, you will prefer to see a well managed CentOS system. We have thousands of servers using the CentOS platform, and on average only one server crashes every year. It's hard to imagine how rare it is, so pick a good, fast, reliable platform.
The server operating system should be Debian/Ubuntu or CentOS. CENTOS now has the largest market share of
The difference between centos and ubuntu and
CentOS (Community ENTerprise Operating System) is one of the releases of Linux. It is compiled from the source code released by Red Hat Enterprise Linux in accordance with the open source regulations. Because they come from the same source code, some servers that require a high degree of stability use CentOS instead of the commercial version of Red Hat Enterprise Linux.
Ubuntu is a desktop application based Linux operating system. Its name comes from the Zulu or hausa language of southern Africa "ubuntu" (translated as wubangto or ubuntu), which means "human nature", "I exist because everyone exists". It is a traditional value in Africa, similar to the "benevolence" thought of Chinese society. Ubuntu is based on the Debian distribution and GNOME desktop environment, and differs from Debian in that it releases a new version every six months. The goal of Ubuntu is to provide the average user with an up-to-date and reasonably stable operating system built primarily from free software. Ubuntu has a large community and users can easily get help from the community.
Both are common service level operating systems for individuals and small teams in the current version. The software library provided online can be easily installed into many open source software and libraries. Both of them use bash as the basic shell, so the difference between ubuntu and centos is not obvious in many basic commands, while ubuntu needs to do better in the desktop interface, many people's first choice to learn linux is ubuntu if they are interested in it, after all, many people are used to operating under desktop graphics. Centos and Ubuntu have many different habits and commands. Here's a quick list:
1. The newly created non-root users in centos do not have the permission of sudo. If you want to use the permission of sudo, you must add the account and permission in /etc/sudoers.
In Ubuntu, the sudo+ command is generally used, and when used for the first time it prompts for the current user's password (not root's)
2. In the online installation software, centos USES the yum command, while ubuntu USES the apt-get command. In addition to yum, there is a way to search for a piece of software from its source: yum search +
3.centos is from redhat, so centos supports installation in rpm format, while ubuntu obviously does not.
4. After all, different distributions are made by different companies, and the location of many configuration files and the default file path are very different, which needs to be slowly realized in the process of use.
the following is a supplement:
As a large system operator, we need to find a reliable, predictable system among many large systems over a long period of time, and we need strong support from the most powerful software vendors and open source projects in the world. For the most commonly used systems, we need documentation, tools, and global resources.
For this reason, the RedHat/CentOS series release was our choice. They meet all of these requirements with relatively few problems and long-term stability, allowing us to provide world-class maintenance for thousands of systems running different configurations, services, and applications.
RedHat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) is the gold standard enterprise distribution. It is updated every five years or so, and has great advantages in system stability, foresight and security. Every time a new major release is released, such as 5.x or the most recent 6.x, all versions and code remain the same, except for security issues or major bug issues such as backdoors, ports, etc., which are fixed by releasing a new sub-release.
CentOS is the open source counterpart of the RHEL distribution, which is usually released shortly after the release of RedHat. The reason we use CentOS is that the standard support service cost of RHEL distribution is very high, about $800 per server, which is a cost that must be controlled for many of our users who have dozens or even hundreds of servers.
There are two potential problems with the RHEL/CentOS system.
First, once the major release is determined, nothing will change except that security issues and serious bugs will be fixed. While this is good for stability, it is bad for many services. The MySQL and PHP services, for example, are heavily developed and heavily modified during the five-year CentOS/RHEL main release cycle. For example, MySQL5.0 is the default version of the current RHEL/CentOS main version, but the current MySQL has been updated to versions 5.1 and 5.5.
Fortunately, this problem is easily solved by the Yum package manager. This way, the main software, such as the current RHEL/CentOS the actual components, including the kernel and all tools still comes from distribution, but those additional software, for example, Nginx Apache, PHP, Java and MySQL updates from sources such as Fedora; Or we can get the updated version directly from the developer, such as MySQL. In our case, we have our own installation image to handle all these things automatically.
Second, the release of CentOS will lag behind the release of RedHat, including key patches and fixes. This is particularly true during the RHEL 6.x release cycle. But based on our experience, it's nothing to worry about and will never be a problem for us.
Many people have asked why we don't use Debian based systems, such as Debian or Ubuntu servers. We do support this recommendation if there is no alternative, but in our experience these systems are not as stable and reliable as RHEL/CentOS.
We believe that this is partly due to their rapid development and the lack of testing and immaturity between versions and combinations. However, despite their popularity, the RHEL/CentOS systems are still preferred by major service providers and programs so that they can serve corporate customers (especially Oracle and MySQL). In addition, Debian-based systems have many kernel and stability issues, especially in our cloud computing services.
For us, the only reason to use Debian/Ubuntu is:
"They can provide the necessary special services for a system, especially when some drivers or some IO subsystems require a new kernel." Now, all of this is contained in RHEL/ CentOS6.x.
Of course, most Linux developers use the desktop version of Ubuntu, and it is understandable that they would prefer to use the same system for production and development, as well as many interesting tools. But overall, we still think RHEL/CentOS is a superior deployment platform, and more than a dozen customers have successfully switched to CentOS as a production environment without any problems, but it's still a daunting task.
In general, you will prefer to see a well managed CentOS system. We have thousands of servers using the CentOS platform, and on average only one server crashes every year. It's hard to imagine how rare it is, so pick a good, fast, reliable platform.