A collection of Python tips to share

Get the name of the current machine:

def hostname():

        sys = os.name  

  

        if sys == 'nt':  

                hostname = os.getenv('computername')  

                return hostname  

  

        elif sys == 'posix':  

                host = os.popen('echo $HOSTNAME')  

                try:  

                        hostname = host.read()  

                        return hostname  

                finally:  

                        host.close()

        else:  

                return 'Unkwon hostname'

Get the current working path:

import os

 

os.getcwd()
#or
#os.curdir just return . for current working directory.

#need abspath() to get full path.

os.path.abspath(os.curdir)

Get the system's temporary directory:

os.getenv('TEMP')

Conversion of string with int, long, float:

Python variables seem to have no type, but there are variables that have a type.

Use the atoi and atof in the locale module to convert a string to an int or a float, or you can convert a string to an int(),float(), and STR () directly. Previous versions of atoi and atof were under the string module.

s = "1233423423423423"

import locale

locale.atoi(s)

#1233423423423423

locale.atof(s)

#1233423423423423.0

int(s)

#1233423423423423

float(s)

#1233423423423423.0

str(123434)

"123434"

Bytes and unicodestr conversion:

# bytes object  

 b = b"example"  

  

 # str object  

 s = "example"  

  

 # str to bytes  

 bytes(s, encoding = "utf8")  

  

 # bytes to str  

 str(b, encoding = "utf-8")  

  

 # an alternative method  

 # str to bytes  

 str.encode(s)  

  

 # bytes to str  

 bytes.decode(b)

Write platform-independent code that must be used:

>>> import os

>>> os.pathsep

';'

>>> os.sep

'\'

>>> os.linesep

'rn'