Summary of Four Ways for JAVA to Send HTTP Requests
- 2021-09-05 00:03:44
- OfStack
Source code: http://github.com/lovewenyo/HttpDemo
1. HttpURLConnection
Use the net provided natively by JDK without the need for other jar packages;
HttpURLConnection is a subclass of URLConnection, which provides more methods and is more convenient to use.
package httpURLConnection;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
public class HttpURLConnectionHelper {
public static String sendRequest(String urlParam,String requestType) {
HttpURLConnection con = null;
BufferedReader buffer = null;
StringBuffer resultBuffer = null;
try {
URL url = new URL(urlParam);
// Get the connection object
con = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
// Set the request type
con.setRequestMethod(requestType);
// Set the data type and character set type to be returned by the request
con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=GBK");
// Allow to write
con.setDoOutput(true);
// Allow reading
con.setDoInput(true);
// Do not use caching
con.setUseCaches(false);
// Get the response code
int responseCode = con.getResponseCode();
if(responseCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK){
// Get the response flow
InputStream inputStream = con.getInputStream();
// Convert a response stream to a string
resultBuffer = new StringBuffer();
String line;
buffer = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "GBK"));
while ((line = buffer.readLine()) != null) {
resultBuffer.append(line);
}
return resultBuffer.toString();
}
}catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "";
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String url ="http://int.dpool.sina.com.cn/iplookup/iplookup.php?ip=120.79.75.96";
System.out.println(sendRequest(url,"POST"));
}
}
2. URLConnection
Use net provided native to JDK without other jar packages;
HttpURLConnection is recommended
package uRLConnection;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
public class URLConnectionHelper {
public static String sendRequest(String urlParam) {
URLConnection con = null;
BufferedReader buffer = null;
StringBuffer resultBuffer = null;
try {
URL url = new URL(urlParam);
con = url.openConnection();
// Set the data type and character set type to be returned by the request
con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=GBK");
// Allow to write
con.setDoOutput(true);
// Allow reading
con.setDoInput(true);
// Do not use caching
con.setUseCaches(false);
// Get the response flow
InputStream inputStream = con.getInputStream();
// Convert a response stream to a string
resultBuffer = new StringBuffer();
String line;
buffer = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "GBK"));
while ((line = buffer.readLine()) != null) {
resultBuffer.append(line);
}
return resultBuffer.toString();
}catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "";
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String url ="http://int.dpool.sina.com.cn/iplookup/iplookup.php?ip=120.79.75.96";
System.out.println(sendRequest(url));
}
}
3. HttpClient
Easy to use, I personally prefer this method, but rely on the third-party jar package, and the related maven dependencies are as follows:
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-httpclient/commons-httpclient -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
</dependency
package httpClient;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpException;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.GetMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.params.HttpMethodParams;
public class HttpClientHelper {
public static String sendPost(String urlParam) throws HttpException, IOException {
// Create httpClient Instance object
HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
// Settings httpClient Timeout to connect to host server: 15000 Milliseconds
httpClient.getHttpConnectionManager().getParams().setConnectionTimeout(15000);
// Create post Request method instance object
PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(urlParam);
// Settings post Request timeout
postMethod.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.SO_TIMEOUT, 60000);
postMethod.addRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod);
String result = postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();
postMethod.releaseConnection();
return result;
}
public static String sendGet(String urlParam) throws HttpException, IOException {
// Create httpClient Instance object
HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
// Settings httpClient Timeout to connect to host server: 15000 Milliseconds
httpClient.getHttpConnectionManager().getParams().setConnectionTimeout(15000);
// Create GET Request method instance object
GetMethod getMethod = new GetMethod(urlParam);
// Settings post Request timeout
getMethod.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.SO_TIMEOUT, 60000);
getMethod.addRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
httpClient.executeMethod(getMethod);
String result = getMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();
getMethod.releaseConnection();
return result;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws HttpException, IOException {
String url ="http://int.dpool.sina.com.cn/iplookup/iplookup.php?ip=120.79.75.96";
System.out.println(sendPost(url));
System.out.println(sendGet(url));
}
}
4. Socket
Use the net provided natively by JDK without other jar packages;
It's a little troublesome to use.
package socket;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
public class SocketForHttpTest {
private int port;
private String host;
private Socket socket;
private BufferedReader bufferedReader;
private BufferedWriter bufferedWriter;
public SocketForHttpTest(String host,int port) throws Exception{
this.host = host;
this.port = port;
/**
* http Agreement
*/
// socket = new Socket(this.host, this.port);
/**
* https Agreement
*/
socket = (SSLSocket)((SSLSocketFactory)SSLSocketFactory.getDefault()).createSocket(this.host, this.port);
}
public void sendGet() throws IOException{
//String requestUrlPath = "/z69183787/article/details/17580325";
String requestUrlPath = "/";
OutputStreamWriter streamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream());
bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(streamWriter);
bufferedWriter.write("GET " + requestUrlPath + " HTTP/1.1\r\n");
bufferedWriter.write("Host: " + this.host + "\r\n");
bufferedWriter.write("\r\n");
bufferedWriter.flush();
BufferedInputStream streamReader = new BufferedInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(streamReader, "utf-8"));
String line = null;
while((line = bufferedReader.readLine())!= null){
System.out.println(line);
}
bufferedReader.close();
bufferedWriter.close();
socket.close();
}
public void sendPost() throws IOException{
String path = "/";
String data = URLEncoder.encode("name", "utf-8") + "=" + URLEncoder.encode(" Zhang 3", "utf-8") + "&" +
URLEncoder.encode("age", "utf-8") + "=" + URLEncoder.encode("32", "utf-8");
// String data = "name=zhigang_jia";
System.out.println(">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>"+data);
OutputStreamWriter streamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), "utf-8");
bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(streamWriter);
bufferedWriter.write("POST " + path + " HTTP/1.1\r\n");
bufferedWriter.write("Host: " + this.host + "\r\n");
bufferedWriter.write("Content-Length: " + data.length() + "\r\n");
bufferedWriter.write("Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\n");
bufferedWriter.write("\r\n");
bufferedWriter.write(data);
bufferedWriter.write("\r\n");
bufferedWriter.flush();
BufferedInputStream streamReader = new BufferedInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(streamReader, "utf-8"));
String line = null;
while((line = bufferedReader.readLine())!= null)
{
System.out.println(line);
}
bufferedReader.close();
bufferedWriter.close();
socket.close();
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
/**
* http Protocol testing
*/
//SocketForHttpTest forHttpTest = new SocketForHttpTest("www.baidu.com", 80);
/**
* https Protocol testing
*/
SocketForHttpTest forHttpTest = new SocketForHttpTest("www.baidu.com", 443);
try {
forHttpTest.sendGet();
// forHttpTest.sendPost();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}