The Linux netstat command parses in detail
- 2020-05-06 12:10:07
- OfStack
introduction
The Netstat command is used to display various network-related information, such as network connections, routing tables, interface states (Interface Statistics), masquerade connections, multicast members (Multicast Memberships), and so on.
output message meaning
After executes netstat, the output is
Active Internet connections (w/o servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 2 210.34.6.89:telnet 210.34.6.96:2873 ESTABLISHED
tcp 296 0 210.34.6.89:1165 210.34.6.84:netbios-ssn ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 localhost.localdom:9001 localhost.localdom:1162 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 localhost.localdom:1162 localhost.localdom:9001 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 80 210.34.6.89:1161 210.34.6.10:netbios-ssn CLOSE
Active UNIX domain sockets (w/o servers)
Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path
unix 1 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 16178 @000000dd
unix 1 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 16176 @000000dc
unix 9 [ ] DGRAM 5292 /dev/log
unix 1 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 16182 @000000df
On the whole, the output of netstat can be divided into two parts:
One is Active Internet connections, known as the active TCP connection, where "Recv-Q" and "Send-Q" refer to the receiving and sending queues of %0A. These Numbers should always be 0. If not, the package is piling up in the queue. This can only be seen in very few cases.
The other is Active UNIX domain sockets, which is called the active Unix domain-sleeve interface (like a network socket, but only for native communication, with performance doubling).
Proto shows the protocol used for the connection,RefCnt shows the process number connected to the interface,Types shows the type of the interface,State shows the current state of the interface,Path shows the pathname used by other processes connected to the interface.
common parameter
Es59en-a (all) displays all options, LISTEN related
is not displayed by default
-t (tcp) displays only
with tcp related options
-u (udp) only shows udp related options
-n refuses to show aliases. All Numbers that can be displayed are converted to Numbers.
-l only lists the server status
-p displays the program name
for establishing the relevant link
-r displays routing information, routing table
-e displays extension information, such as
such as uid
-s calculates
by protocol
-c executes the netstat command at regular intervals.
Tip: LISTEN and LISTENING status can only be seen with -a or -l
utility command instance
List all ports (both listened and unlistened)
lists all ports netstat-a
# netstat -a | more
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 localhost:30037 *:* LISTEN
udp 0 0 *:bootpc *:*
Active UNIX domain sockets (servers and established)
Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6135 /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 5140 /var/run/acpid.socket
List all tcp ports netstat-at
# netstat -at
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 localhost:30037 *:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 localhost:ipp *:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 *:smtp *:* LISTEN
tcp6 0 0 localhost:ipp [::]:* LISTEN
List all udp ports netstat-au
# netstat -au
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
udp 0 0 *:bootpc *:*
udp 0 0 *:49119 *:*
udp 0 0 *:mdns *:*
2. Lists all Sockets
in the listening state shows only the listening port netstat-l
# netstat -l
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 localhost:ipp *:* LISTEN
tcp6 0 0 localhost:ipp [::]:* LISTEN
udp 0 0 *:49119 *:*
Only list all listening tcp ports netstat-lt
# netstat -lt
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 localhost:30037 *:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 *:smtp *:* LISTEN
tcp6 0 0 localhost:ipp [::]:* LISTEN
Only list all listening udp ports netstat-lu
# netstat -lu
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
udp 0 0 *:49119 *:*
udp 0 0 *:mdns *:*
Only all listens to UNIX port netstat-lx
are listed
# netstat -lx
Active UNIX domain sockets (only servers)
Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6294 private/maildrop
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6203 public/cleanup
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6302 private/ifmail
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6306 private/bsmtp
3. Displays statistics for each protocol displays statistics for all ports
# netstat -s
Ip:
total packets received
with invalid addresses
forwarded
incoming packets discarded
incoming packets delivered
requests sent out
Icmp:
ICMP messages received
input ICMP message failed.
Tcp:
active connections openings
failed connection attempts
connection resets received
Udp:
packets received
packets to unknown port received.
.....
Displays statistics for TCP or UDP ports netstat-st or -su
# netstat -st
# netstat -su
4. Show PID and process name netstat-p
in netstat output netstat-p can be used with other switches to add "PID/ process name" to the netstat output, which makes it easy for debugging to find programs running on specific ports.
# netstat -a | more
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 localhost:30037 *:* LISTEN
udp 0 0 *:bootpc *:*
Active UNIX domain sockets (servers and established)
Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6135 /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 5140 /var/run/acpid.socket
5. The host, port, and user name are not displayed in the netstat output (host, port or user)
when you don't want the host, port, and user name to be displayed, use netstat-n. Numbers will be used instead of those names.
You can also speed up the output because you don't need to compare queries.
# netstat -a | more
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 localhost:30037 *:* LISTEN
udp 0 0 *:bootpc *:*
Active UNIX domain sockets (servers and established)
Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6135 /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 5140 /var/run/acpid.socket
If you just don't want one of the three names to be displayed, use the following command
# netsat -a --numeric-ports
# netsat -a --numeric-hosts
# netsat -a --numeric-users
6. Continuously output netstat information
netstat outputs network information every second.
# netstat -c
Active Internet connections (w/o servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 ramesh-laptop.loc:36130 101-101-181-225.ama:www ESTABLISHED
tcp 1 1 ramesh-laptop.loc:52564 101.11.169.230:www CLOSING
tcp 0 0 ramesh-laptop.loc:43758 server-101-101-43-2:www ESTABLISHED
tcp 1 1 ramesh-laptop.loc:42367 101.101.34.101:www CLOSING
^C
7. Displays unsupported address families (Address Families)
# netstat -a | more
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 localhost:30037 *:* LISTEN
udp 0 0 *:bootpc *:*
Active UNIX domain sockets (servers and established)
Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6135 /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 5140 /var/run/acpid.socket
At the end of the output, there is the following information
# netstat -a | more
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 localhost:30037 *:* LISTEN
udp 0 0 *:bootpc *:*
Active UNIX domain sockets (servers and established)
Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6135 /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 5140 /var/run/acpid.socket
8. Displays core routing information netstat-r
# netstat -a | more
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 localhost:30037 *:* LISTEN
udp 0 0 *:bootpc *:*
Active UNIX domain sockets (servers and established)
Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6135 /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 5140 /var/run/acpid.socket
Note: use netstat-rn to display the numeric format without querying the host name.
9. Find the port on which the program is running Not all processes can be found, and those without permissions will not be displayed. Use root permissions to view all information.
# netstat -a | more
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 localhost:30037 *:* LISTEN
udp 0 0 *:bootpc *:*
Active UNIX domain sockets (servers and established)
Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6135 /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 5140 /var/run/acpid.socket
Find the process
running on the specified port
# netstat -a | more
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 localhost:30037 *:* LISTEN
udp 0 0 *:bootpc *:*
Active UNIX domain sockets (servers and established)
Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6135 /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 5140 /var/run/acpid.socket
10. Displays a list of network interfaces
# netstat -a | more
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 localhost:30037 *:* LISTEN
udp 0 0 *:bootpc *:*
Active UNIX domain sockets (servers and established)
Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6135 /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 5140 /var/run/acpid.socket
Displays details such as ifconfig using netstat-ie :
# netstat -at
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 localhost:30037 *:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 localhost:ipp *:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 *:smtp *:* LISTEN
tcp6 0 0 localhost:ipp [::]:* LISTEN
11. IP and TCP analyze
looks at the IP address
connected to the most ports of a service
wss8848@ubuntu:~$ netstat -nat | grep "192.168.1.15:22" |awk '{print $5}'|awk -F: '{print $1}'|sort|uniq -c|sort -nr|head -20
221.136.168.36
154.74.45.242
78.173.31.236
62.183.207.98
192.168.1.14
182.48.111.215
124.193.219.34
119.145.41.2
114.255.41.30
75.102.11.99
TCP various states list
wss8848@ubuntu:~$ netstat -nat |awk '{print $6}'
established)
Foreign
LISTEN
TIME_WAIT
ESTABLISHED
TIME_WAIT
SYN_SENT
Take all the states out, then use uniq-c statistics, and then sort.
wss8848@ubuntu:~$ netstat -nat |awk '{print $6}'|sort|uniq -c
ESTABLISHED
FIN_WAIT1
Foreign
LAST_ACK
LISTEN
SYN_SENT
TIME_WAIT
established)
The final command is :
netstat -nat |awk '{print $6}'|sort|uniq -c|sort -rn
Analyze access.log to get access to the top 10 ip addresses
awk '{print $1}' access.log |sort|uniq -c|sort -nr|head -10